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Which state has the highest state and local debt?

In 2019 it is “guesstimated” that New York State had the highest state and local debt as percent of GSP.

State Debt Rank

Compare state and local debt for the 50 states against state growth and population.

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Debt
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Comparison of State and Local Government Spending
in the United States
-5yr -1yr   Fiscal Year 2012  +1yr +5yr
Amounts in percent GDP
StateState
Debt
Local
Debt
State and
Local
Debt
Gross
State
Product
Real
State
Growth
Popu-
lation
(mln)
 New York10.76%15.45%26.21%$1,324.473.9%19.6 more
 Kentucky8.47%15.51%23.97%$178.371.9%4.4 more
 Nevada2.99%20.24%23.23%$130.24-0.9%2.7 more
 Rhode Island17.88%5.28%23.16%$51.530.8%1.1 more
 South Carolina8.32%14.63%22.96%$178.501.1%4.7 more
 Illinois8.86%11.29%20.15%$725.482.4%12.9 more
 California7.28%12.72%20.00%$2,108.872.9%37.9 more
 New Jersey12.57%7.39%19.96%$516.102.2%8.8 more
 Oregon7.95%11.93%19.89%$173.860.7%3.9 more
 Massachusetts16.00%3.72%19.71%$441.372.2%6.7 more
 Pennsylvania7.15%12.55%19.70%$646.431.9%12.8 more
 Hawaii11.72%7.85%19.58%$71.652.0%1.4 more
 Washington7.30%11.82%19.12%$398.363.6%6.9 more
 Texas3.19%15.77%18.96%$1,429.595.0%26.1 more
 Kansas4.84%14.02%18.86%$141.811.5%2.9 more
 New Mexico8.61%10.20%18.81%$87.680.2%2.1 more
 Florida4.87%13.86%18.73%$784.551.0%19.3 more
 Colorado5.85%12.88%18.73%$274.741.9%5.2 more
 All states combined7.06%11.10%18.15%$16,254.002.3%313.9 more
 Arizona5.32%12.79%18.11%$272.702.3%6.6 more
 Michigan7.23%10.85%18.08%$426.142.1%9.9 more
 Connecticut13.32%4.53%17.85%$239.910.8%3.6 more
 Missouri7.48%9.43%16.92%$272.481.2%6.0 more
 Louisiana7.94%8.70%16.64%$235.960.5%4.6 more
 Indiana7.47%9.10%16.57%$301.280.7%6.5 more
 Alaska10.13%6.15%16.28%$58.325.6%0.7 more
 Wisconsin8.32%7.90%16.22%$276.251.8%5.7 more
 Minnesota4.43%11.77%16.20%$298.641.9%5.4 more
 Alabama4.63%11.48%16.11%$188.281.1%4.8 more
 Maine10.38%5.60%15.97%$54.02-0.4%1.3 more
 New Hampshire11.74%4.03%15.77%$68.410.8%1.3 more
 Vermont11.56%4.11%15.67%$29.330.7%0.6 more
 West Virginia10.39%5.09%15.48%$70.30-0.1%1.9 more
 Utah5.46%9.81%15.27%$129.431.7%2.9 more
 Ohio6.19%8.82%15.01%$543.041.1%11.6 more
 Virginia6.24%8.43%14.68%$445.010.7%8.2 more
 Nebraska2.01%12.65%14.67%$102.950.0%1.9 more
 Mississippi7.13%7.32%14.45%$100.912.0%3.0 more
 Maryland7.78%6.14%13.92%$331.870.4%5.9 more
 Montana9.48%4.16%13.64%$42.151.8%1.0 more
 South Dakota8.18%5.10%13.27%$44.132.1%0.8 more
 Delaware9.30%3.91%13.21%$62.34-0.8%0.9 more
 Tennessee2.16%10.85%13.01%$285.903.4%6.5 more
 Arkansas3.36%9.45%12.81%$108.841.2%3.0 more
 Georgia2.98%9.41%12.39%$449.381.6%9.9 more
 Iowa3.89%7.57%11.45%$158.553.9%3.1 more
 North Carolina4.12%7.32%11.44%$444.060.8%9.8 more
 Idaho6.81%3.97%10.78%$57.93-1.1%1.6 more
 Oklahoma5.69%5.07%10.76%$175.365.0%3.8 more
 District of Columbia0.00%10.31%10.31%$112.510.8%0.6 more
 North Dakota4.00%5.50%9.50%$52.0823.2%0.7 more
 Wyoming3.42%2.77%6.19%$38.68-2.2%0.6 more
Notes: actual estimated

Data Sources:
State GDP Information
Federal: Fed. Budget: Hist. Tables 3.2, 5.1, 7.1
State and Local: State and Local Gov. Finances

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Suggested Video: All About Debt

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Spending Data Sources

Spending data is from official government sources.

Gross Domestic Product data comes from US Bureau of Economic Analysis and measuringworth.com.

Detailed table of spending data sources here.
Medicare breakdown here; Medicaid breakdown here.

Federal spending data begins in 1792.

State and local spending data begins in 1820.

State and local spending data for individual states begins in 1957.

Gross Federal Debt

Debt Now:  $38,882,147,615,630.53
Debt 2/2020:$23,409,959,150,243.63

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Data Sources for 2012:

GDP, GO: GDP, GO Sources
Federal: Fed. Budget: Hist. Tables 3.2, 5.1, 7.1
State and Local: State and Local Gov. Finances

> data sources for other years
> data update schedule.

Blog

Federal Budget for FY27 Released

On April 4, 2026, we updated usgovernmentspending.com with the numbers from the Public Budget Database in the Budget of the United States Government for Fiscal Year 2027

Here is how headline budget estimates for the upcoming FY 2027 fiscal year have changed since the release of the FY 2025 budget in Winter 2024. There were no budgetary estimates in the budget documents for the FY 2026 budget.

Federal Budget Changes for 2027
$ billionEstimate for 2027
in FY2025 Budget
Estimate for 2027
in FY2027 Budget
Change
Federal Outlays$7,696.6$8,092.9 +$569.1
Federal Receipts$6,186.2$5,921.0+$279.1
Federal Deficit$1,510.3$2,171.9+$290.0

You can see line item changes from budget to budget here. You can compare budget estimates with actuals here.

Account level spending estimates through FY 2031 come from the Outlays table in the Public Budget Database and were updated on usgovernmentspending.com on April 4, 2026.

Account level budget authority estimates through FY 2031 come from the Budget Authority table in the Public Budget Database and were updated on usgovernmentspending.com on April 4, 2026. 

US GDP for 2025 Released
On March 15, 2026 usgovernmentspending.com updated its GDP series with the latest data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis ...

US, State Population Update for 2025
On January 21, 2026 the US Census Bureau released its US national and state population estimates for July 1, 2025.  On February 7, 2026 usgovernmentspending.com updated its US and state popula ...

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